The Indian Business Process Offshoring Industry - 1120 Words

Case3 The Indian Business Process Offshoring Industry Global business process offshoring (BPO) has been becoming more popular in the last two decades. Increasing cost pressures made Western companies start to offshore IT activities to developed economies, which offered them cost attractiveness. One of the countries with the most developed Offshoring industry is India accounting for 30% of the global BPO Industry. Case’s Facts: * Global business process offshoring (BPO) industry is $50billion in 2012. * India accounts for 30% of the BPO Industry * BPO sector in India employs over 4.5 million people * India has an increasing amount of English speaking graduates. * BPO evolution 1. Routine IT activities†¦show more content†¦Switching back would imply high costs. | 2. What unique resources and capabilities help Indian BPO firms to compete globally and also enter new markets? Resources and capabilities | Tangible | * Financial: Indian firms haven t been highly affected by the GFC, which have given them the capital to acquire IT specialised companies in US and European market. * Physical: operation in Europe, Asia, North America and Latin America. Specialisation of their locations in different services. * Technological: Diversified portfolio of services and global delivery capabilities. * Organisational: Ability to generate high quality low-cost services. | Intangible | * Human: skilled IT human capital (English graduates) * Innovation: ability to innovate to the necessities of the clients: Indian BPO went from offshoring routine IT activities to specialise IT. New capabilities to serve newer industries (healthcare) and across the full range of product development value chain.- Reputation of providing high-quality services at low cost | 3. What formal or informal institutions make accelerate or constrain the growth of Indian BPO industry? Formal: Government role. BPO sector in India employs over 4.5 million people. Therefore, it is an essential industry for the country’s economy. Indian government is concerned about continuing the development within the industry. SomeShow MoreRelatedIndi Indias Economic Effect On The United States1717 Words   |  7 Pagesbase of workers for input in emerging markets leads to greater outputs of production, which is important for shifting the production possibility curve outward and building a strong national economic base to compete globally. In 2005, 50 million Indians fell into the middle class income bracket with a purchasing parity power between $4,380 and $117,650 (US), but this was only 5% of the population. Current economic and population growth rates predict that the middle class will swell to 583 millionRead MoreIndia s Increasing Demand For Kpo825 Words   |  4 PagesThe CAGR (compound annual growth rate) was expected by the Indian KPO sector between 2003 and 2010 was of 49.5%. In spite of slowdown, India’s KPO market is rising at a CAGR of approximately 30% at present and could touch $30 billion by 2015 from the current level of $20 billion. Since these reports clearly divulge that there is a clear trend towards KPO services to India. A large no. of companies are showing their interest in India to offshore their work at comparatively cheaper rates. For instanceRead MoreEssay on Business Outsourcing1599 Words   |  7 Pagesshores, or offshoring, is an idea that has long been in practice, yet meets resistance when American business seeks to send jobs overseas. Sending jobs overseas may help a faltering American business keep their doors open and keep more important jobs open for American workers. Outsourcing has been a business practice for hundreds of years. Adopting legislation to curb Offshoring will limit American businesses competitive edge, one that helps small business thrive and grow, and helps big business to plantRead MoreAdvantages Of Outsourcing And Outsourcing1428 Words   |  6 Pagesthe internet has allowed business to communicate across the world within seconds thus creating a global economy that depends on one another. Globalization is defined as  the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture. A global economy allows companies to source their product or service from around the world. This enables business by giving them more options and resources to grow their business. However, globalizationRead MoreOffshore Outsourcing: Good or Evil? Essay2179 Words   |  9 Pagescertain industries in recent years – there is an increasing number of businesses hiring workers in foreign lands, especially India and other Asian nations, to perform work that has traditionally been done by Americans. This trend had been particularly noticeable in the field of information technology, where most analysts believe salaries have been negatively impacted by this practice, known as â€Å"offshoring† (â€Å"Offshoring Eats†). Since information technology lies at the heart of business in theRead MorePros and Cons for Outsourcing1710 Words   |  7 Pagesproponents of offshoring services outside of the US. They say that the benefits of outsourcing exceed the disadvantages. The main discussion is more likely a political one. It shows that a lot of citizens are pursuing protectionism to prevent any problems for American workers. THEORY Outsourcing occurs when a company fragmentizes a production process and sends this to another outside company. When companies are outsourcing to other countries/continents, it is also known as offshoring. A surveyRead MoreChallenges Of Bpo Industry1881 Words   |  8 PagesChallenges due to low cost countries on India’s IT-BPO Industry India is facing competition from other countries around the world in IT outsourcing. China, Ireland, The Philippines, Malaysia, Vietnam, Poland, and Egypt are just some of the countries that aggressively looking at IT outsourcing for growth. Over the years these countries have been developing their country to be able to provide IT outsourcing and lay a strong foundation to sustain this new idea.   According to KPMG (2016), some of theRead MoreBig Breakthroughs Happen When What Is Still1201 Words   |  5 Pagesprotocols for computers to communicate within themselves without human intervention. The importance of the third flattener cannot be emphasised enough. The next three flatteners that Friedman talks about are uploading, outsourcing and offshoring. Outsourcing and offshoring came into the picture when companies started acknowledging the Y2K issue and thereby put India and China on the map. Friedman then cites Walmart as an example to explain the emphasis of improving Supply Ch ain Management on globalisationRead MoreFirst Social Impact On Changing Career Models1453 Words   |  6 Pages As the variation of workers’ income levels, status and values about business and the character of the U.S. government, significant social impacts are generated from these changes (Earl, as cited in Knapp, Sharma King, 2007). First social impact involves changing career models. According to Sullivan (as cited in Terjesen, 2006), conventionally, careers have followed an upward, linear series through one or two firms or consist stable employment in one progression. Terjesen (2006) claims thatRead MoreCase Study1945 Words   |  8 Pagessimilar to the competitor NDTV because of the 24 hour format of news television, but there are many things that are different at CNN-IBN. NDTV may do a good story one day and CNN-IBN put together another good story the next day. It is a constant process of evolution. But people notice the differences between CNN-IBN and other news channels. Every news channel is going to say that news is its core value. A news channel’s USP depends on how the channel treats the news and what impact the news

The Causes of Teen Suicide Essay - 1500 Words

Teen suicide is becoming more common every year in the United States. In fact, only car accidents and homicides (murders) kill more people between the ages of 15 and 24, making suicide the third leading cause of death in teens and overall in youths ages 10 to 19 years old. Read on to learn more about this serious issue - including what causes a person to consider taking their own life, what puts a teen at risk for suicide or self-harm, and warning signs that someone might be considering suicide and how they can get help to find other solutions. Its common for teens to think about death to some degree. Teens thinking capabilities have matured in a way that allows them to think more deeply - about their existence in the world, the†¦show more content†¦The majority of suicide attempts and suicide deaths happen among teens with depression. Consider these statistics about teen suicide and teen depression: about 1% of all teens attempts suicide and about 1% of those suicide attempts results in death (that means about 1 in 10,000 teens dies from suicide). But for adolescents who have depressive illnesses, the rates of suicidal thinking and behavior are much higher. Most teens who have depression think about suicide, and between 15% and 30% of teens with serious depression who think about suicide go on to make a suicide attempt. Keep in mind that most of the time for most teen?s depression is a passing mood. The sadness, loneliness, grief, and disappointment we all feel at times are normal reactions to some of the struggles of life. With the right support, some resilience, an inner belief that there will be a brighter day, and decent coping skills, most teens can get through the depressed mood that happens occasionally when life throws them a curve ball. But sometimes depression doesnt lift after a few hours or a few days. Instead it lasts, and it can seem too heavy to bear. When someone has a depressed or sad mood that is intense and lingers almost all day, almost every day for 2 weeks or more, it may be a sign that the person has developed major depression. MajorShow MoreRelatedThe Cause And Effect Of The Teen Suicide Essay1334 Words   |  6 PagesTeen suicide is a big problem all around the world, and we try to prevent it by offering help, and medications for whatever these teens are going through. What you may or may not know is that although we do offer help, these teens who are suicidal face negative criticism which sometimes pushes them to do something drastic. What I would like to accomplish with my paper would be to give my audience, not only a better understanding of some of the causes and effects of being suicidal, but also explainRead MoreTeen Suicide : Causes And Effects2454 Words   |  10 Pages Teen Suicide is a big problem around the world where it is causing Teens/Kids to kill themselves or harm themselves in some type of way. Don’t you ever just wonder why they wanna kill themselves ? or like how their Parents or closest Friends would react if they found out there Daughter/Son or Friend is found lifeless in their own house and there only at the age of 12 - 19 ? There are so many questions that everybody wants to get answered from the Teen that decides to take there own life . Over theRead MoreThe Causes and Prevention of Teen Suicide Essay545 Words   |  3 PagesBefore the mid-1970s, teen suicide appeared to be a rare happening. Suicide is the eleventh leading cause of death in the United States with 32,000 Americans taking their own lives annually every sixteen minutes (Tricare). It is the third leading cause of death for fifteen-to-twenty-four year olds. ((Kirszner G. Laurie, and Mandell R. Stephen 377) Teens should be more aware of the causes and preventions of teen suicide. Among college students suicide is the 2nd leading cause of death. Some 1000Read MoreEssay on Causes and Effects of Teen Suicide599 Words   |  3 Pagesbetween the ages 15-25 years tries to kill themselves every year; 5000 succeed. The most common causes? Stress, bullying, failed relationships, abuse, and failures at studies. Teenage suicide is wrong, it indicates how ruthless today’s society is, and it proves that sometimes, teenagers feel like they can’t be understood or accepted, that they don’t have an adult or close friend to consult to. Teenage suicide is truly sad, to even think that someone feels the absolute need to end their life because thereRead MoreThe Main Environmental And Emotional Causes And Crisis Intervention Of Teen Suicide Essay1643 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper will discuss the main environmental and emotional causes and crisis intervention of teen suicide based on experimental facts and assessment studies. In today’s society, suicide rates continue to rise amongst teens. In some suicide cases, family and friends are caught completely off guard as signs can be misinterpreted. Why does suicide come as a surprise to family and friends and what can be done to decrease the record high will be one of the points within this paper. Early recognitionRead MoreS uicide the Third Leading Causes of Death among Teens in the World1026 Words   |  4 Pagestime goes by which is attributed to suicide. Lets put an end to teenage suicide starting with ways to detect and prevent it. The lack of prevention to help reduce the rate of teen suicide that the community deficient in is why more students and schools are coming together to help spread awareness within communities and around the world. Suicide has become a big issue in todays generation, especially for teens. Suicide is now known as the third leading cause of death among youth all around the worldRead MoreTeen Suicide Is The Third Leading Cause Death For High School Students1396 Words   |  6 PagesOver the years teen suicide has increased tremendously. According to Michael Jellinek, â€Å"the adolescent may feel they have no choice but to end their intense internal suffering or to solve a hopeless dilemma by ending it all†(Preventing Teen Suicide). According to the Center of Disease Prevention, â€Å"suicide is the third-leading cause of death for high school students after car accidents and homicides†(Bratsis). Everyday teens are faced with internal struggles and challenges that are difficult to copeRead MoreSuicide Is The Third Leading Cause Of Death1191 Words   |  5 Pages Suicide is the Third Leading Cause of Death in Adolescence Connie Yonn West Coast University Suicide behavior arise in adolescence, a period when significant mood and disturb behavior preoccupied with death (Stoep, 2009). Teen suicide rates are disturbing and have been increasing in the current years base on statistic (Croft, 2016).  The increasing number of teen suicide have cause awareness and brought attention to observance in teen suicide (Croft, 2016). It is said to be the third leading causeRead MoreBreaking News : Teen Commits Suicide1222 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"BREAKING NEWS: TEEN COMMITS SUICIDE† is not an unusual headline to read. Time and time again teens are making the choice to end their lives much like Richard Kirchoff’s son, Ryan Kirchoff, who took his life at the young age of 18. Kirchoff’s son was a normal kid who had many friends, a loving family, and dreamt that he would become a successful doctor, but all was taken away after he made the decision to take his life. Ryan had depression and refused to seek help from the people he trusted resultingRead MoreTeen Suicide Essays1064 Words   |  5 Pagesfrom cancer, getting shot, or car accidents, but by their own hands. They make the choice to take their lives; they commit suicide. To begin, what is â€Å"Suicide†? According to the Merriam Webster Dictionary, suicide is the act or instance of taking one’s own life voluntarily and intentionally. The number of teenagers who take their lives is rapidly increasing each year. Teen suicide is escalating out of control and no one seems to realize just how severe the issue has become. Every day and average of

Night Creature Blue Moon Chapter 36 Free Essays

I would have liked a shower, but I didn’t have the luxury. Instead, I threw on my uniform, retrieved my weapons, and was on my way out the door when the doorbell rang. Expecting Mandenauer, I could only stare stupidly at Clyde, â€Å"Where you goin’ in such a hurry?† â€Å"Um. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Creature: Blue Moon Chapter 36 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Uh.† I should tell Clyde everything, but I was in a bit of a rush. Besides, he hated Will already. He’d be thrilled to shoot him with silver and say â€Å"whoops† later. â€Å"Mandenauer,† I blurted. â€Å"T said I’d come over early.† â€Å"I was just there, and I woke him up. Definitely a ‘ don’t go away mad; just go away’moment. Heartbreak Ridge was on last night. Not exactly Clint’s words, but near ‘ nough. Mandenauer was going back to sleep. Since you’ve got hours yet before your shift, why don’t we have a little chat?† I glanced through my living room toward the window. I might have hours before my shift, but sundown was soon. It was then I saw my panties lying on the carpet in the middle of the room. Clyde sniffed, once, twice, and I turned to find him so close I leaped back. â€Å"What the hell?† I demanded, embarrassed, nervous, betrayed, and cranky. â€Å"I can smell him on you.† I didn’t know what to say to that. Luckily I didn’t have to say anything, since Clyde kept talking. â€Å"Jesus, Jessie, I’d have thought you of all people would be able to resist a pretty face. Have you no pride?† Apparently not. â€Å"Clyde, I’ve got to go.† â€Å"Where?† â€Å"None of your business.† â€Å"When you’re wearing that uniform, everything you do is my business.† I had a flash of what I’d been doing a few times in this uniform. Definitely not Clyde’s business. But I wasn’t going to tell him that. My cheeks heated in spite of myself. â€Å"I need to see Mandenauer,† I repeated. â€Å"I’ll just have to wake him up.† â€Å"Where’s Cadotte?† â€Å"Not here.† I stepped into the hallway and Clyde had no choice but to move back; then I closed the door firmly behind me. â€Å"I want to talk to him.† â€Å"Join the club.† I started down the hall. â€Å"He sneak out on you?† I turned. â€Å"Why are you so damned interested in Cadotte all of a sudden?† â€Å"I want to talk to him about the attempted murder of Edward Mandenauer.† â€Å"Have you lost your mind?† â€Å"Have you?† â€Å"What possible reason could Will have to shoot Man-denauer? He barely knows the man.† â€Å"Mandenauer and I had quite a chat when I stopped into the clinic earlier. I hear he was shot with a crossbow.† â€Å"And?† â€Å"Cadotte has a crossbow.† â€Å"So does every old man between here and Minoqua. That doesn’t make him guilty.† I turned and headed down the hall. â€Å"He’s got no motive.† Trust Clyde to fuck that up. â€Å"Wouldn’t a werewolf want to kill the wolf hunter?† I froze. â€Å"A what?† â€Å"Come off it, Jessie. Mandenauer told me everything.† Slowly I faced him. â€Å"And you believed him?† He shrugged. â€Å"I was raised Ojibwe. Just because I’ve had to play that down to get where I am doesn’t mean I don’t believe in the legends. I’ve seen things†¦ † He shook his head. â€Å"Let’s just say werewolves are the least of them.† I couldn’t quite get my mind around the fact that my boss believed in the unbelievable. Had everyone gone over to the dark side? I set my rifle against the wall. The weapon was getting too heavy to cart up and down the hallway. â€Å"So you know about the blue moon? The werewolf army? The wolf god?† â€Å"Everything.† He held out his hand. â€Å"Why don’t you give me that totem for safekeeping?† I stared at his palm, then lifted my gaze to his face. â€Å"I don’t have it.† Anger flickered in his eyes. â€Å"Jessie, you’re playing with something you don’t understand.† It was on the tip of my tongue to tell him that Will had taken the stone, but he grabbed me by the upper arms and shook me. My teeth rattled, and I decided to keep the information to myself. I didn’t care for the way he was acting. â€Å"I don’t have the totem, Clyde. I swear.† â€Å"Only one way to find out.† He spun me around and patted me down. I was tempted to fight back, but Clyde was a lot bigger than I was. Besides, he wasn’t going to find anything, thanks to Cadotte. My boss released me with a little shove and a mutter of annoyance. I stepped out of his reach and nearer to my rifle. My fingers rested on the butt of my pistol. Clyde ran a hand over his face and sighed. â€Å"He’s been keeping an eye on you. Discovering what you know. Putting you off balance. If he’s got you in his bed, then you aren’t out doing your job, are you?† â€Å"I’ve been doing my job,† I snapped. â€Å"You’ve been doing him.† Clyde bit off a stub of chew and chomped ferociously for a few seconds. â€Å"I like you, Jessie, and I don’t want to hurt your feelings.† â€Å"Why stop now?† I muttered. Clyde ignored me. â€Å"I’ve seen the women Cadotte fucks. You don’t fit in.† What else was new? I never had. But I’d started to think that I might, with him. â€Å"Cadotte’s up to something,† Clyde continued. â€Å"I just can’t figure out what.† I wanted to say Cadotte loved me. He thought I was beautiful. Funny, sexy, special. Everything I’d ever wanted to be, I was to him. But I wasn’t so sure anymore. He had taken the totem. To protect me? Or to ruin me? Until I knew, I was keeping my mouth shut. â€Å"Did he tell you anything about the ceremony?† â€Å"No.† He hadn’t told me. I’d read it in a book. I frowned. But not all of the ceremony. There’d been a page missing. Which was more troublesome now than ever before. â€Å"What do you know?† I asked. â€Å"Blue moon. Werewolf army. Matchi-auwishuk totem.† Clyde knew about as much as I did. â€Å"Blood of the one who loves you.† I blinked. â€Å"The what of the who?† â€Å"Blood of the one who loves you,† he repeated slowly. â€Å"It’s needed for the ceremony.† I turned and headed for the door. â€Å"Jessie? Where you going?† I didn’t answer. I couldn’t very well tell the sheriff that I was going to kill someone. How to cite Night Creature: Blue Moon Chapter 36, Essay examples

Consider the Theme of Transformation in Metamorphosis and the Yellow Wallpaper. free essay sample

Consider the theme of transformation in Metamorphosis and The Yellow Wallpaper. Apart from the very apparent theme of transformation that runs through both stories there are also many underlying themes connected with transformation, not just physical but also mental. Metamorphosis sees Gregor wake up one morning physically transformed overnight into a huge insect, by the description given by Kafka, possibly similar in appearance to a cockroach, although the description given does not allow the reader to make any definite identification. He has been the breadwinner of the family, working as a travelling salesman to keep a roof over the heads of his mother, father and younger sister. This is a service that he has got no thanks or recognition for from his parents who do nothing towards the up keep of the household and just expect Gregor to take care of everything. The Yellow Wallpaper, in contrast, sees the nameless protagonist narrating her confinement to an old nursery in a large house, due to a temporary nervous depression, by her doctor husband. The enforced rest is Gilman’s own version of Silas Weir Mitchell’s treatment of prolonged rest and lack of stimulation, a treatment that Gilman herself had been subjected to. Her mental state gradually transforms throughout the story, until finally she becomes reduced to a childlike state, crawling round the edge of the room, in a relatively sinister way, not even recognising her husband, or stopping when he gets in her way. Gregor’s relationship with his family undergoes a severe transformation following his unfortunate situation. He goes from being someone who has at least been needed, even though he has not been appreciated, by his family, to something that is despised, feared and neglected. His family themselves also undergo some transformation in the way they conduct themselves. With the misfortune of Gregor they have to become more responsible for themselves, and self sufficient if they are to retain their home. It also considers the transformation through the length of the story of Grete from a girl into a young woman, realised by her parents at the very end of the story. When comparing the two stories there are differences in who undergoes changes. The Yellow Wallpaper sees solely the protagonist changing both mentally and physically, in contrast Metamorphosis sees Gregor mainly physically changing and having to adapt to life as a bug and it is his family that change mentally to cope with the situation they have found themselves thrust into. It would be expected that through his family’s treatment of Gregor that his love and devotion for them would morph into a type of hatred or resentment, however his want and need to be with them never changes throughout. Even his last service is selfless and he dies for the good of his family after hearing his sister uncontrollably upset about the creature that has taken the place of her brother. â€Å"We must try to get rid of it, it will be the death of both of you, I can see that coming. When one has to work as hard as we do, all of us, one can’t stand this continual torment at home on top of it. At least I can’t stand it any longer. † (Kafka 2005) Gregor had always been close to his sister and had indeed been hoping to send her to study music. In his sister’s words he finally realises that he will never be accepted back into the fold of the family and will only continue to cause them hurt if he continues to stay. The only choice he has is to give in to the infection that has set in from the wound of the apple embedded in his back, and to pass away quietly. On the realisation that he is dead the Samsas almost seem to have a small attack of conscience, they huddle together and shed tears in the privacy of the parent’s bedroom and Mrs Samsa nearly stops the charwoman brushing his corpse aside. ‘I should say so,’ said the charwoman, proving her words by pushing Gregor’s corpse to one side with her broomstick. Mrs Samsa made a movement as if to stop her, but checked it. † (Kafka 2005) Grete realises just how neglected Gregor was as she sees him close up and prolonged for the first time since he first transformed, â€Å"Just see how thin he was. It’s such a long time since heâ€⠄¢s eaten anything. † (Kafka 2005) Unlike Gregor the protagonist in The Yellow Wallpaper does have some control over her destiny as she demonstrates. Gilman writes her story as a demonstration of the effects of gender inequality, and the male patriarchal hold over women. The narrator slowly slips into a deeper psychosis the more time she spends alone in the room, however in her studies of the text Catherine Golden questions whether her transformation is simply a sign of her increasingly hallucinatory state or a larger awareness of the limitations of her patriarchal world. This is a very interesting question and one that has many possible answers. The text itself is open to many interpretations and has been received by critics in several different ways. The wallpaper itself morphs gradually the more time the narrator spends looking at it. At first just dim shapes are seen behind the pattern the narrator tells us that â€Å"The dim shapes get clearer every day. It is always the same shape only very numerous. And it is like a woman stooping down and creeping about behind that pattern. † (Gilman 1998) The theme of imprisonment is apparent from the first mention of something behind the pattern as the narrator tells us that â€Å"the faint figure behind seemed to shake the pattern, just as if she wanted to get out. (Gilman 1998) The feeling of being imprisoned seems to match not only the mental state of the narrator, but also the position of her too. She is imprisoned in a world where she is expected to be loyal and subordinate to her husband and have no thoughts of her own. She is not even able to write and has to do it in secret when nobody is in the room. The morphing of the wallpaper is in direct correlation to the breakdown of the narrator’s own mental state. As the patterns form into images that become gradually clearer, so the narrator’s mind becomes more disturbed. She becomes trapped not only in the room but also within the wallpaper that surrounds her, as she finds herself staying up all night to watch the goings on behind the wallpaper. Her mental health suffers as a consequence as it almost becomes locked in a strange tug of war with the wallpaper over which is going to have the final influence. In the same way that the narrator is trapped in The Yellow Wallpaper, so Gregor and his family are in Metamorphosis. When they are faced with the fate that has befallen Gregor they become immediately encased in an impossible situation that they can see no out of. Some critics have suggested that the transformation of Gregor into a bug is reflective of his own family’s treatment of him. They live off his earnings, expecting him to keep a roof over their heads while his parents do nothing and live almost as parasites feeding off his hard work and commitment to them. So to represent their behaviour Kafka gives us the physical embodiment of their attitude and blatant ungratefulness. Another idea, suggested by Ramon G. Mendoza is that Gregor’s transformation is the embodiment of his own self-image. He sees himself as nothing but a worthless bug, rejected by his father, who he still unsuccessfully attempts to win approval from. In his transformation though, their relationship becomes a much more balanced one, which sees his father treating him in a way that would be expected of something verminous. Gregor’s new physical form is a punishment Mendoza goes on to suggest that â€Å"the metamorphosis is therefore a punishment for the protagonist’s self-image, which coincides with his father’s reputed son-image. † (Mendoza 1986) Gregor’s relationship with his sister changes throughout the novella. Having been very close to his sister he finds that gradually she is distancing herself from him. At the beginning she takes the time and care to try to look after him as best she can, selecting foods that she thinks he might like and cleaning his room out nicely for him. However as the story progresses this care and attention turns into whatever food might be left over pushed into his room with her foot and then removed with a broom. Also allowing his room, which she had previously had cleared so he had more room to crawl, to become a dumping ground for the household. Gregor becomes alienated from his parents and eventually from humanity itself. He has been stripped of his human identity as soon as he changed into his insect form, however slowly all forms of humanity are taken from him. Following his metamorphosis, as he leaves his room, he is confronted by the violent reaction of his father driving him back into his bedroom. At first he is able to communicate with his mother and the chief clerk, so still holds some form of human trait enabling him to still think of himself as playing some part at least in the human race. However as soon as he has the realisation that to everyone else he has lost all rights to hold any human qualities the power of speech leaves him as well, and he only has the ability to hiss as his father drives him back to his room with a stick. Gregor does retain his human qualities such as feelings, emotions and senses, but the only one who realises this is Gregor himself. The ability to communicate with anyone has been taken away from him, so even if his was not forced to live in the isolation of his room he would be isolated anyway through his inability to communicate his thoughts and feelings. In this way he is doubly isolated and forced into an alienated situation no matter what happens. In The Yellow Wallpaper Gilman also explores the idea of alienation and isolation. The narrator begins to feel more and more isolated, pushing her mental state further into unbalance and pushing her more and more behind the bars of the wallpaper. Both Gregor and the protagonist of The Yellow Wallpaper are in situations of forced alienation rather than voluntary. The narrator sees herself eventually cut off even from the garden as her husband concludes that she is too weak. She lives in a time where all women’s minds were isolated and they were expected to fill them with thoughts of being a good wife and mother, keeping a respectable household and not wanting to pursue pastimes such as writing or education. She seems to find a purpose in the wallpaper, something that settles and arouses her, â€Å"Life is very much more exciting now than it used to be. You see I have something more to expect, to look forward to, to watch. I really do eat better, and am much quieter than I was. † (Gilman 1998) Many things within the story change from what they should be into something much more sinister. The bars that are on the windows, designed to prevent children falling out, a seemingly innocent task become symbols of the narrators own imprisonment, keeping her in the room, and possibly pushing her further into the wallpaper. Even the sunlight becomes something grotesque, causing her deteriorating mental state to be reflected within the wallpaper, showing within it â€Å"a lack of sequence, a defiance of law, that is a constant irritant to a normal mind. (Gilman 1998) As she does nothing by day but watch the wallpaper, the narrator cites following the constant changing pattern as tiresome and perplexing and eventually starts sleeping during the day so she can watch the movements behind the paper at night when things are clearer. â€Å"The moon shines in all night when there is a moon- I wouldn’t know it was the same paper At night in any kind of light, in twilight, candlelight , lamplight and worse of all by moonlight, it becomes bars! The outside pattern I mean, and the woman behind it is as plain as can be. (Gilman 1998) In the same way that the narrator’s mental state alters through the story so too does the mentality of Gregor in Metamorphosis. When he first wakes up Gregor remains as a human trapped in the body of a beetle; he still thinks as a human in terms of movement, attempting at first to get out of bed as he would normally do. He soon adapts to thinking of his movement in terms of his present body rather than that of a human, and actually comes to enjoy in some way the new experiences this gives him. He especially enjoyed hanging suspended from the ceiling; it was much better than lying on the floor; one could breathe more freely; one’s body swung and rocked lightly;† (Kafka 2005) Gregor still attempts to hold on to his last part of his humanity by feeling some involvement in the family. He listens at the door of his room, trying to hear the conversations that are taking place between the family members; by this action he feels that he is not completely alienated from humanity. The fact that he can understand completely what has been said reminds him that he is not fully inhuman. His sister, who has always respected him, loses her respect for him and his own personal space, she no longer thinks of him as human in any way. This is demonstrated by her need to throw open his window noisily each time she enters his room after a short time since his metamorphosis. In the immediate aftermath of the change she still seems to think of him with some compassion as she cares for him; however in her later behaviour she almost becomes worse than her parents. She has made the commitment from the beginning to see to him, but when she decides to move the furniture out she is doing a service to him as a bug, but this just proves to Gregor that she no longer regards him as human in any form. As a human with feelings and sentiment Gregor would want his personal effects around him, but Grete gives no though to this and now just regards him as an ‘it. ’ It is his sister’s final betrayal of him that causes Gregor to give up; having just found the nourishment in her music that he has been searching for for months. The physical state of Gregor’s father alters at several points within the story. At the beginning he seems to do nothing but lounge on the sofa, barely even raising an arm to greet Gregor when he returns from a business trip. He only leaves the house on very rare occasions, and when he does is described as shuffling along with a stick. He then transforms into a strong man, who seems proud to be wearing his blue uniform. It is in this state that he bombards Gregor with apples, causing the injury that would finally lead to Gregor’s death. He then transforms again into what Vladimir Nabokov suggests as, a sort of beetle man, he reverts to lying on the sofa again allowing his uniform to become dirty but making no move to improve. The Yellow Wallpaper sees the protagonist come to a realisation that there may be a great many more women trapped behind the bars of wallpaper just as she is, â€Å"sometimes I think there are a great many women behind it. † (Gilman 1998) Gilman writes intending the wallpaper to represent the patriarchal repressive hold men have over women. The narrator actually goes so far as to describe the wallpaper as a fungus, and says that she can see it spreading further, this could represent the fact that she is recognising how her repressed spirit is becoming weaker as the influence of her husband is growing over her until she will eventually have no free will at all. The madness that the narrator finds herself in as she is transformed at the end of the story could be seen as an actual triumph by her rather than something terrible that has taken it’s hold on her. By convincing himself that his wife is getting better and the treatment he has prescribed is working her husband is blind to the real cause of her maladies, his power over her. In her final act of madness she has the power back to show him exactly the level she has been forced to go to. It would appear that many women before her have suffered the same fate as this is what has caused the deep groove in the wall, exactly where her shoulder now fits. Gilman is showing that if the gender inequality continues then many more women will have to start taking control back in this way also. When the mind has no stimulation, especially the female mind, it will make its own stimulation from whatever surrounds it. So the narrator begins to find a story to play out behind the pattern in the wallpaper. She seems to know that it will not be a very pleasant story as she is immediately repulsed by the sight of the wallpaper, describing it as, â€Å"the colour is repellent, almost revolting; a smouldering unclean yellow, strangely faded by the slow-turning sunlight. And the pattern as â€Å"dull enough to confuse the eye in following, pronounced enough to constantly irritate and provoke study, and when you follow the lame curves for a little distance they suddenly commit suicide† (Gilman 1998) What she does not realise is that the story that she so avidly watches playing out behind the wallpaper is that of herself. She is the one imprisoned behind the bars, desperately shaking them to get out from under the control of her husband and the others around her. She realises at the very end that the only way out is to let herself and the woman behind the paper become one and to release what has been suppressed. â€Å"â€Å"I’ve got out at last,† said I, in spite of you and Jane. And I’ve pulled off most of the paper, so you can’t put me back! †Ã¢â‚¬  (Gilman 1998) For Gregor, his transformation takes on several stages. The initial transformation is that of him becoming the beetle and being immediately removed from humanity by his inability to communicate. Gregor realises gradually the reality of his situation and deals with it accordingly but as he does he becomes more and more hopeless. He is further removed from his human traits when his furniture and belongings get removed from him. He attempts to join the family at only three points in the plot; all three are met with violence from his father physically forcing him back into his alienation. His sister undergoes the transformation of the eventual complete emotional abandonment of Gregor. This realisation that his sister, who he has always cared for, no longer regards him as anything but an inconvenience, a thing to be dealt with, pushes him to his death. Mendoza writes that the story is the ultimate metaphor of extreme human alienation, describing Gregor’s situation as being on the outside of humanity with no net below. Gregor’s whole family dynamic transforms itself, Mendoza again suggests that Gregor may have the form of a bug, but is essentially still human, whereas his family become human outwardly but inside are themselves the bugs. Bibliography Alter, R. (1991). Necessary Angels, Tradition and modernity in Kafka, Benjamin, and Scholem, Harvard University Press: Massachusetts. BBC. co. uk/dna/h2g2 Gilman, C. P. (1998). The Yellow Wallpaper, Bedford Books: Boston. Golden, C. J. (1992). The Captive Imagination, The Feminist Press: New York. Golden, C. J. (2004). The Yellow Wallpaper, A Sourcebook and Critical Edition, Routledge: Oxton. Helium. com/items/1104993-charlotte-perkins-gilmanthe-yellow-wallpaper-literary-analysis. Janouch, G. (1968). Conversations With Kafka, The Trinity Press: London. Kafka, F. (2005). Metamorphosis, Vintage: London. Mendoza, R. G. (1986). Outside Humanity, A Study of Kafka’s Fiction, University Press of America: Lanham. Nabokov, V. ( 1983). Lectures on Literature, Pan Books Ltd: London.